...
An SSH key pair consists of a public key and a private key. The public key is used to encrypt messages. Such messages can only be decrypted using the corresponding private key. For this reason the private key must be stored safely on the local machine - protected by a passphrase, and not accessible by other users.
1. SSH Key Generation
Generating your key pair differs depending on the SSH implementation available on your local machine. The default with Linux and MacOS is OpenSSH. This is also available (without extra installation) in more recent versions of Windows.
...